What’s the safest way to erase my HDD and SSD before selling my PC?

SSDs should generally be erased with their manufacturer’s Secure Erase or Sanitize feature, using the vendor’s utility or a supported BIOS option. Those commands are designed for flash storage and are preferable to repeatedly overwriting an SSD. For the HDD, use a complete overwrite instead. Be extremely careful to select the right drive because these operations are irreversible.

If the drives contain genuinely sensitive information, the safest and simplest option is to remove them and sell the computer without them, or replace them with inexpensive blank drives. Once a drive leaves your possession, you can’t control what recovery tools the buyer might use.

A normal Windows reset or reinstall removes your files from the operating system, but it doesn’t necessarily overwrite the old data. For a hard drive, boot from Windows installation media or another wiping utility, identify the correct disk, and use a full overwrite such as DiskPart’s “clean all.” This can take several hours. Afterward, reinstall Windows from scratch.

Windows’ “Reset this PC” with “Remove everything” is convenient, but it’s not the strongest choice if you’re worried about sensitive data being recovered. It may be adequate for ordinary use, but a dedicated drive wipe followed by a clean Windows installation provides more assurance. Move or back up anything you want to keep before starting.