Can I sell refurbished Chromebooks with Hannah Montana Linux installed?

Open source licensing for software doesn't automatically give you permission to use the branding. The name, logos and artwork may have separate trademark or copyright restrictions, even if the code is available under open source licenses.

Using the Hannah Montana name to advertise the laptops could raise questions about authorization or endorsement. Whether a rights holder would take action is impossible to predict from the information here.

Check the actual release and its components rather than treating a GPLv3+ label as covering the whole operating system. A Linux distribution contains many separately licensed packages. The Linux kernel, for example, is licensed under GPLv2, not GPLv3.

For anything you distribute on the machines, review the applicable license terms, including source code obligations where required. Also check artwork, firmware and other bundled files separately. The information here isn't enough to establish that every component of this release is open source.

If this is for resale, a lawyer familiar with software licensing and trademarks is a better bet than guessing about the risk. Bring the release's license information, a list of the branding included on the machines, and the wording you plan to use in listings.

A practical alternative is a distribution whose software and branding permissions you've checked for commercial redistribution. That still means reviewing its licenses, but it avoids relying on assumptions about this particular theme.