Are reliable text expanders and macros possible on Wayland?

Vicinae reportedly includes text snippets that can expand into longer pieces of text. I have not used that feature extensively, so I cannot say how closely it matches a full Espanso or AutoKey workflow, but it may be worth investigating as a Wayland-friendly option.

If you are currently on Ubuntu's GNOME session, the limitations are especially noticeable. GNOME has been slower to provide the input-control mechanisms that macro and text-expansion utilities need, so switching to KDE Plasma may be the most practical solution for now rather than waiting for every existing tool to gain full Wayland support.

Your options depend a lot on the desktop environment. KDE Plasma on Wayland tends to provide better support for this kind of automation than GNOME. Some tools can also work through compatibility utilities that emulate extended input testing, although support varies depending on how the application communicates with the system. Espanso specifically notes that some app-specific configurations may work better on KDE, potentially with KDE-focused automation tools.