How can I get better at understanding ARM assembly?

Use a simulator, debugger, or small development board so you can actually step through simple programs. Begin with tasks like moving values between registers, adding numbers, loading and storing memory, comparing values, and writing a small loop. Seeing the registers and memory change is much more effective than only reading syntax.

Treat the assembly as a direct translation of simple C code. Take a tiny C function, compile it to ARM assembly, and compare the two versions. Focus on calling conventions, function arguments, return values, stack frames, and how local variables are stored. Once those patterns become familiar, larger examples are much easier to follow.

Start by learning how the ARM processor works internally: registers, the program counter, the stack, memory access, and how instructions change flags. ARM is a relatively small RISC instruction set, so there are fewer core operations to learn than in many other architectures. Trace short programs one instruction at a time and write down the value of each register after every step.