How to Refactor a Large Python Script for Better Maintainability?

Your idea to extract parts of larger functions into smaller ones is spot on. This is a common refactoring practice. Additionally, consider moving related functions into new files or modules. If you notice that you have grouped database interactions, API calls, and business logic all in one file, they might be better off in their own dedicated spaces.

One effective strategy is to start by ensuring you have unit tests in place. This way, you can check that everything still works as expected after making changes. Next, put your code into source control so you can track changes easily. When you start refactoring, make small changes and run your unit tests often to confirm everything is functioning well.

As you refactor, don’t hesitate to split related code into separate files. This can significantly improve organization and maintainability.

If you’re not the only user of this script, it’s a good idea to check with other users to see if they’re okay with the changes. If it’s your own code and you’re the sole user, you can refactor freely, but be cautious if other people rely on it. Starting with unit tests is crucial, especially if this is an important piece of code.

Before diving in, be clear about what you want to achieve with the refactor. Are unit tests already in place? It’s a good first step to understand the major and helper functions in your code. Check for duplication—if you see logic that looks the same, it might be worth extracting those into reusable parts. Also, don't forget to clarify major functions by creating well-named helper functions!